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''Iris florentina'' is a species in the genus ''Iris'', it is also in the subgenus of Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from southern Europe, mainly Italy (including the city of Florence) and France. It has a thick, violet scented rhizome, sword-like, green or grey-green leaves, that are semi-evergreen, a tall branched stem, many flowers that are white and tinged, or flushed with blue, or pale blue, or lavender in spring or summer. It also has a white and yellow beard. It is classed by iris societies as a tall bearded iris. It is now classified as ''Iris germanica nothovar. florentina'', a variety of ''Iris germanica''. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions almost worldwide. It is also grown to produce orris-root, a scented substance used in perfumes, soaps, tooth cleanser, clothes washing powder. Medicinally it was also used as an expectorant and decongestant. It is made from the rhizomes of ''Iris florentina'', ''Iris germanica'' and ''Iris pallida''. ==Description== ''Iris florentina'' has a thick,〔Ruth D. Wrensch〕〔Neil Fletcher 〕 or stout rhizome.〔Richard Lynch and Henry Ewbank 〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.herbs2000.com/herbs/herbs_florentine_iris.htm )〕 Which is short,〔 fleshy, horizontal,〔John Sims 〕 and has a strong,〔Christopher Brickell (Editor)〕 violet scent.〔 The rhizomes spread across the surface of the ground,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/98796/Iris-Florentina-(IB-TB)/Details )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://irisbotanique.over-blog.com/article-chapitre-i-les-iris-rhizomateux-partie-1-123750659.html )〕 to form clumps of plants.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.shootgardening.co.uk/plant/iris-florentina )〕 This habit can often create a dense network of fibrous roots, that can crowd out other plants.〔 It has basal (rising up from the rhizome),〔〔John Lust〕 ensiform (sword-shaped),〔〔Caledonian Horticultural Society, Edinburgh〕〔Stefan Buczacki 〕 light green,〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.perennials.com/plants/iris-florentina.html )〕 pale green,〔 or grey-green leaves.〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://flower.onego.ru/other/iris/iris_ir.html )〕 They are semi-evergreen,〔〔〔 or evergreen (in mild winters).〔〔Walter Stager 〕 The leaves can grow up to between long,〔〔 and between wide.〔〔 They are shorter than the stem.〔〔〔 It has a straight,〔 stem or peduncle, that can grow up to between tall.〔 〔William Robinson 〕 It may reach up to after about 3 years.〔 Although it may reach , (in ideal conditions).〔 The stems have 2 - 4 branches.〔〔 The branches reduce in size as you go up the stem,〔 starting from the middle.〔 The branches can be long, when compared to ''Iris albicans'' (another white flowered iris),〔 The stem has 1-2, (scarious) membranous or sub-scarious, spathes (leaves of the flower bud).〔British Iris Society (1997) 〕 At flowering time, the spathes become brown and papery,〔〔〔James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey (Editors) 〕 or fully scarious.〔 They can be up to long.〔 1.5-2 in long The lower spathes are green and leaf-like.〔 It has a short pedicel (or flower stalk), and green perianth tube, that is 3.2 cm long,〔〔 it is covered normally by the spathes.〔 The stem (and the many branches) hold between 4 to 7 flowers.〔〔〔 at terminal ends.〔 Sometimes in pairs.〔〔〔 The fragrant flowers,〔〔〔 smell of violets,〔 appear in spring,〔〔〔 or early summer,〔〔〔 or mid-summer,〔〔 between late April and May,〔〔〔 or between March and May.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.maltawildplants.com/IRID/Iris_florentina.php )〕 The large flowers,〔〔〔 are up to in diameter (or across).〔 They come in white,〔〔Thomas Gaskell Tuti (Editor)〕 (sometimes described as 'dead white,〔) or greyish white,〔〔 or bluish white,〔〔〔 or very pale lavender.〔〔 They are slightly tinged, or flushed with blue,〔〔〔 or pale blue,〔 or lavender.〔〔〔 They are especially tinted when in bud.〔 The flowers are often confused with ''Iris albicans'' (which also has white flowers).〔〔 Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.〔〔 The deflexed,〔〔 or drooping falls,〔〔 are obovate,〔 or cuneate (wedge) shaped.〔〔 They are long and wide.〔 There is some greenish-yellow veining on the haft, (section of the petal near the stem),〔〔 and in the centre of the falls,〔 there is a narrow fillet of white cilias (called a beard) with deep yellow tips,〔〔〔 bright yellow,〔〔 or orange yellow.〔 The standards are erect,〔〔〔 oboval,〔 and narrower than the falls.〔 The hafts of the standards, have a small white beard.〔〔 It has style branches,〔 that are toothed and 3.8 cm long, with a deltoid crests.〔 It has an oblong shaped and pearl coloured stigma.〔 After the iris has flowered, between July and August,〔 it produces a fusiform (spindle shaped),〔 trigonal, or oblong seed capsule.〔 It is longer than the seed capsule of ''Iris germanica''.〔 The capsule is loculicidal (has chambers),〔 with 3 cells,〔 that hold dark brown,〔 or brown seeds.〔 The seeds are normally lined up like rolls of coins.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Iris florentina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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